GENERAL PLAN
Except detectors, one can classify the sensors in two categories according to their actions:
I- Active sensors: body of test: generator or converter of energy in electrical energy.
Example
Thermocouples
II- Passive sensors: body of test: an impedance necessity of an outside excitement.
According to their mode of functioning, the sensors are also differential, absolute, analogical or digital.
Examples
Thermoresistance
Thermistor
Opical pyrometer
Temperature sensors
to estimate temperature within one process, one uses generally sensors of temperature, however some measures must be taken into account. Indeed, it is necessary to take into account of:
1. The scale: IST ( International Scale of Temperature)
2. Units etc.,
Sensors of pressure
A simulation is proposed to illustrate the role of the sensors to measure a pressure.
Sensors based on physical applications
Resonant tunneling diodes, optical effect, Peltier effect, Thomson effect, Seebeck effect etc.,
